paroto.validation.experimental_data#

Experimental data for breakdown voltage validation.

Contains published experimental data for validating breakdown voltage models.

Functions#

get_paschen_curve_air()

Get experimental Paschen curve data for air.

get_gs_transition_data()

Get experimental spark breakdown field data (Glow-to-Spark transition).

get_temperature_effect_data()

Get temperature dependence data for breakdown voltage.

Module Contents#

paroto.validation.experimental_data.get_paschen_curve_air()#

Get experimental Paschen curve data for air.

Warning

Data is AI generated/compiled, not ready for production.

Classic breakdown voltage data as a function of pressure-distance product. Data compiled from Lieberman & Lichtenberg “Principles of Plasma Discharges and Materials Processing” and Raizer “Gas Discharge Physics”.

Returns:

  • pd_torr_cm (ndarray) – Pressure-distance product in Torr·cm

  • V_breakdown (ndarray) – Breakdown voltage in V

  • V_breakdown_per_d (ndarray) – Breakdown field E = V/d in V/cm (assuming d = 1 cm)

Notes

Standard conditions: Temperature = 300 K, air at STP Paschen minimum typically occurs around 0.5-1 Torr·cm for air.

paroto.validation.experimental_data.get_gs_transition_data()#

Get experimental spark breakdown field data (Glow-to-Spark transition).

Warning

Data is AI generated/compiled, not ready for production.

Spark breakdown electric field as a function of pulses per molecule during gas residence time. Shows transition from single-pulse spark breakdown to DC spark breakdown with field enhancement effects from electrode geometry.

Source: Figure 6-10 - Average electric field (V/d) for G-S (Glow-to-Spark) transition as a function of pulses seen by a molecule during residence time.

Returns:

  • pulses_per_molecule (ndarray) – Number of pulses per molecule: fD/v (dimensionless)

  • spark_field (ndarray) – Spark breakdown electric field in kV/cm

  • spark_field_error (ndarray) – Error bars on electric field measurements in kV/cm

  • dc_spark_field (float) – DC spark breakdown field (asymptotic value) in kV/cm

Notes

  • Single-pulse spark breakdown: ~23-25 kV/cm (left plateau)

  • DC spark breakdown field: ~5 kV/cm (right asymptote, red line)

  • Transition shows memory effect: accumulated ionization from repeated pulses reduces the required breakdown voltage

  • Field enhancement factor β_field present due to electrode geometry

  • This validates RepetitivePulseBreakdownModel with field enhancement

paroto.validation.experimental_data.get_temperature_effect_data()#

Get temperature dependence data for breakdown voltage.

Warning

Data is AI generated/compiled, not ready for production.

Returns:

  • temperatures (ndarray) – Gas temperatures in K

  • V_breakdown_normalized (ndarray) – Breakdown voltage normalized to 300 K value

Notes

Theoretical temperature correction: V_b ∝ √(T_ref/T) Limited experimental data available in literature.